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These unique ecosystems, where water meets land, are essential for biodiversity and climate resilience. Mangroves, marshes, and lagoons across Mauritius support countless species, including native plants, shore birds, and marine life. Wetlands act as natural flood barriers, water filters, and carbon sinks, making them invaluable not only for wildlife but also for the people who depend on them for fishing, eco-tourism, and even livelihood.
Mauritius has taken some steps to protect its wetlands, with three Ramsar sites of international importance: the Rivulet Terre Rouge Estuary Bird Sanctuary, the Blue Bay Marine Park, and Pointe d’Esny Wetland. A Ramsar site is a wetland designated to be of international importance under the Ramsar Convention, also known as the Convention of Wetlands, an international environmental treaty signed on the 2nd February of 1971 in Ramsar, Iran, under auspices of UNESCO. The Ramsar convertion came in force in Mauritius in 2001.
Mauritius has some 144 wetlands representing around 1839 ha. These sites are ecological treasures, providing safe havens for migratory birds and a rich diversity of species. However, most wetlands across the country are still threatened by urban expansion and unsustainable development.
One of the greatest threats to wetlands is the impact of tourism development near or on wetlands. These developments often result in wetlands being drained, backfilled, or polluted, leading to the destruction of critical habitats. Such activities not only displace wildlife but also disrupt the natural functions of wetlands, increasing the risk of flooding and erosion while reducing their ability to store carbon and combat climate change.
When we lose wetlands, we lose the services they provide like cleaner water, healthier ecosystems, and a buffer against extreme weather. Sustainable development and stronger conservation policies are urgently needed to prevent further degradation of wetlands.
The Government’s decision to revoke the Environmental Impact Assessment licence of one of the projects in Les Salines de Riviére-Noire, is a step in the right direction as it gives a strong signal to unsustainable developers. The Mauritian Wildlife Foundation hopes that it is a first step towards better protection and management of our wetlands.
This World Wetlands Day, let us renew our commitment to safeguarding these critical ecosystems. By protecting wetlands, we are not only preserving our biodiversity but also ensuring a resilient and sustainable future for generations to come. Together, we can protect wetlands for our common future.
